Eurocode 1 Pdf

In the eurocode series of European standards (EN) related to construction, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures (abbreviated EN 1991 or, informally, EC 1) describes how to design load-bearing structures. It includes characteristic values for various types of loads and densities for all materials which are likely to be used in construction.

• Eurocode 2 Pdf
• Eurocode 1993-3-1 Pdf

Eurocode 1 is divided into a number of parts.

The following European Standards which are published or in preparation are cited in NOTES to normative clauses: EN 1991-1-3 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures: Part 1-3: Snow loads EN 1991-1-4 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures: Part 1-4: Wind actions EN 1991-1-6 Eurocode 1:Actions on structures: Part 1-6: Actions during execution 1.3. Designers’ guides to the eurocodes designers’ guide to eurocode 3: design of steel buildings en 1993-1-1, -1-3 and -1-8 second edition leroy gardner and david a. Name of Legally Binding Document: EN 1992-1-1: Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings Name of Standards Organization: European Committee for Standardisation LEGALLY BINDING DOCUMENT Regulation 305/2011, Directive 98/34/EC, Directive 2004/18/EC.

• Partitioning of the NDPs among the Eurocodes Types of NDPs in the Eurocodes. Type 1: Value (s) of (a) parameter (s). Type 2: Reference to some set of values – table (s). Type 3: Acceptance of the.
• Introduction 5. The project which led to the production of this report arose with the intention of producing a handbook to encourage the safe and consistent adoption of EN 1991-1: Eurocode 1 - Actions on Structures: Part 1: General Actions, in the UK.

• 8Part 2: Traffic loads on bridges
• 9Part 3: Actions induced by cranes and machinery

Part 1-1: Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings[edit]

EN 1991-1-1 gives design guidance and actions for the structural design of buildings and civil engineering works including some geotechnical aspects for the following subjects:

1. Densities of construction materials and stored materials.
2. Self-weight of construction works.
3. Imposed loads for buildings.

Part 1-2: Actions on structures exposed to fire[edit]

Part 1-2 of EN 1991 deals with thermal and mechanical actions on structures exposed to fire. It is intended to be used in conjunction with the fire design Parts of EN 1992 to EN 1996 and EN 1999 which give rules for designing structures for fire resistance.

Part 1-2 of EN 1991 contains thermal actions related to nominal and physically based thermal actions. More data and models for physically based thermal actions are given in annexes.

Part 1-2 of EN 1991 gives general principles and application rules in connection to thermal and mechanical actions to be used in conjunction with EN 1990, EN 1991-1-1, EN 1991-1-3 and EN 1991-1-4.

Part 1-3: General actions - Snow loads[edit]

EN 1991-1-3 gives guidance to determine the values of loads due to snow to be used for the structural design of buildings and civil engineering works. It applies for sites at altitudes below 1500 m although treatments of snow loads for altitudes above 1500 m may be found in the National Annexes.

Part 1-4: General actions - Wind actions[edit]

EN 1991-1-4 gives guidance on the determination of natural wind actions for the structural design of building and civil engineering works for each of the loaded areas under consideration. This includes the whole structure or parts of the structure or elements attached to the structure, e. g. components, cladding units and their fixings, safety and noise barriers.

EN 1991-1-4 is applicable to:

• Buildings and civil engineering works with heights up to 200 m.
• Bridges having no span greater than 200 m, provided that they satisfy the criteria for dynamic response.

Part 1-5: General actions - Thermal actions[edit]

EN 1991-1-5 gives principles and rules for calculating thermal actions on buildings, bridges and other structures including their structural elements. Principles needed for cladding and other appendages of buildings are also provided.

EN 1991-1-5 describes the changes in the temperature of structural elements. Characteristic values of thermal actions are presented for use in the design of structures which are exposed to daily and seasonal climatic changes. Structures not so exposed may not need to be considered for thermal actions.

Part 1-6: General actions - Actions during execution[edit]

EN 1991-1-6 provides principles and general rules for the determination of actions which should be taken into account during the execution of buildings and civil engineering works.

Part 1-7: General actions - Accidental Actions[edit]

EN 1991-1-7 provides rules for safeguarding buildings and other civil engineering works against accidental actions. For buildings, EN 1991-1-7 also provides strategies to limit the consequences of localised failure caused by an unspecified accidental event. The recommended strategies for accidental actions range from the provision of measures to prevent or reduce the accidental action to that of designing the structure to sustain the action.

In this context specific rules are given for accidental actions caused by impact and internal explosions. Localised failure of a building structure, however, may result from a wide range of events that could possibly affect the building during its lifespan. Such events may not necessarily be anticipated by the designer.

This Part does not specifically deal with accidental actions caused by external explosions, warfare and terrorist activities, or the residual stability of buildings or other civil engineering works damaged by seismic action or fire etc. However, for buildings, adoption of the robustness strategies given in Annex A for safeguarding against the consequences of localised failure should ensure that the extent of the collapse of a building, if any, will not be disproportionate to the cause of the localised failure.

This Part does not apply to dust explosions in silos (see EN1991-4), nor to impact from traffic travelling on the bridge deck or to structures designed to accept ship impact in normal operating conditions e.g. quay walls and breasting dolphins.

See also Structural robustness.

Part 2: Traffic loads on bridges[edit]

Power cd g burner free. EN 1991-2 defines imposed loads (models and representative values) associated with road traffic, pedestrian actions and rail traffic which include, when relevant, dynamic effects and centrifugal, braking and acceleration actions and actions for accidental design situations.

Contents[edit]

• Definitions and symbols.
• Loading principles.
• Design situations.
• Loads (road bridges),
  • imposed loads due to traffic actions, their conditions of mutual combination and of combination with pedestrian and cycle traffic,
  • other actions.
• Loads (footways, cycle tracks and footbridges)
  • imposed loads,
  • other actions.
• Loads (Railway Bridges)
  • imposed loads due to rail traffic,
  • other actions.

Part 3: Actions induced by cranes and machinery[edit]

EN 1991-3 specifies imposed loads (models and representative values) associated with cranes on runway beams and stationary machines which include, when relevant, dynamic effects and braking, acceleration and accidental forces.

Contents[edit]

• Common definitions and notations.
• Actions induced by cranes on runways.
• Actions induced by stationary machines.

Part 4 : Silos and tanks[edit]

EN 1991-4 provides general principles and actions for the structural design of silos for the storage of particulate solids and tanks for the storage of fluids and shall be used in conjunction with EN 1990: Basis of Design, other parts of EN 1991 and EN 1992 to EN 1999.

External links[edit]

The eurocodes are the ten European standards (EN; harmonised technical rules) specifying how structural design should be conducted within the European Union (EU). These were developed by the European Committee for Standardisation upon the request of the European Commission.^[1]

The purpose of the eurocodes is to provide:^[1]

• a means to prove compliance with the requirements for mechanical strength and stability and safety in case of fire established by European Union law.^[2]
• a basis for construction and engineering contract specifications.
• a framework for creating harmonized technical specifications for building products (CE mark).

By March 2010 the Eurocodes are mandatory for the specification of European public works and are intended to become the de facto standard for the private sector. The Eurocodes therefore replace the existing national building codes published by national standard bodies (e.g. BS 5950), although many countries had a period of co-existence. Additionally, each country is expected to issue a National Annex to the Eurocodes which will need referencing for a particular country (e.g. The UK National Annex). At present take up of Eurocodes is slow on private sector projects and existing national codes are still widely used by engineers.

• 3See also

History[edit]

In 1975, the Commission of the European Community (presently the European Commission), decided on an action programme in the field of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the programme was to eliminate technical obstacles to trade and the harmonisation of technical specifications. Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of harmonised technicalrules for the design of construction works which, in a first would serve as an alternative to the national rules in force in the member states of the European Union (EU) and, ultimately, would replace them. For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a steering committee with representatives of the member states, conducted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first generation of European codes in the 1980s.

In 1989, the Commission and the member states of the EU and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) decided, on the basis of an agreement between the Commission and to transfer the preparation and the publication of the Eurocodes to the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) through a series of mandates, in order to provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN). This links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Council's Directives and/or Commission's Decisions dealing with European standards (e.g. Regulation (EU) No. 305/2011 on the marketing of construction products and Directive 2014/24/EU on government procurement in the European Union).

List[edit]

The eurocodes are published as a separate European Standards, each having a number of parts. By 2002, ten sections have been developed and published:

• Eurocode: Basis of structural design(EN 1990)

• Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures(EN 1992)

• Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures(EN 1993)

• Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures(EN 1994)

• Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures(EN 1995)

• Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures(EN 1996)

• Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance(EN 1998)

Eurocode 2 Pdf

• Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures(EN 1999)

Each of the codes (except EN 1990) is divided into a number of Parts covering specific aspects of the subject. In total there are 58 EN Eurocode parts distributed in the ten Eurocodes (EN 1990 – 1999).

Eurocode 1993-3-1 Pdf

All of the EN Eurocodes relating to materials have a Part 1-1 which covers the design of buildings and other civil engineering structures and a Part 1-2 for fire design. The codes for concrete, steel, composite steel and concrete, and timber structures and earthquake resistance have a Part 2 covering design of bridges. These Parts 2 should be used in combination with the appropriate general Parts (Parts 1).

See also[edit]

• Limit state design (Load and Resistance Factor Design)

Previous national standards[edit]

• BS 5950: British steel design standard, replaced by Eurocode 3 in March, 2010.
• BS 8110: British concrete design standard, replaced by Eurocode 2 in March, 2010.

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abEN 1990:2002 E, Eurocode - Basis of Structural Design, CEN, November 29, 2001
2. ^European Council Directive 89/106/EEC

External links[edit]

• Eurocodes: Building the Future - European Commission
• Eurocodes available in PDF and HTML format, without national annexes
• 'National Annexes & Eurocodes'^{[permanent dead link]}, European standards institutes and links to download national annexes.