Epworth Sleepiness Scale Pdf Scoring
If your score is greater than 6 points then you are sleepy. If your score is more than 10 points you are very sleepy. If your score is more than 16 points you are dangerously sleepy. If your score doesn't improve after 2 weeks of 8 hours of sleep a night, it is recommended that you consult your doctor. Use the following scale to choose the most appropriate number for each situation:- 0 = would never doze 1 = Slight chance of dozing 2 = Moderate chance of dozing 3 = High chance of dozing Situation Chance of dozing Sitting and reading.
The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is a scale intended to measure daytime sleepiness that is measured by use of a very short questionnaire. This can be helpful in diagnosing sleep disorders. It was introduced in 1991 by Dr Murray Johns of Epworth Hospital in Melbourne, Australia. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale can be used to assess daytime sleepiness. For other ways to identify problematic sleepiness, see Self-Evaluation.; Daytime sleepiness can have many causes, including narcolepsy, which affects up to 1 in 2,000 people. THE EPWORTH SLEEPINESS SCALE. How likely are you to doze off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired? This refers to your usual way of life in recent times. Even if you have not done some of these things recently try to work out how they would have affected you. Epworth Sleepiness Scale 11 How likely are you to nod off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired? This refers to your usual way of life in recent times. Even if you haven’t done some of these things recently, try to work out how they would have affected you.
If you find yourself falling asleep during the day, you might question whether you are too sleepy. There is a simple screening tool used by sleep doctors to identify individuals who suffer from excessive daytime sleepiness. Learn the questions that are part of it and how they may help to identify problems associated with sleep disorders, like sleep apnea and narcolepsy.
The Epworth Sleepiness Scale
The Epworth sleepiness scale is a questionnaire that is routinely used to assess the degree of an individual’s sleepiness. It is a subjective measure completed by patients. However, it can be helpful in quantifying one's sleepiness over time.
The scale is completed by an individual and given to his or her doctor. It is often used as a screening test for sleepiness or to monitor response to treatment.
Assessment
The scale measures an individual’s likelihood of falling asleep in routine life situations. Often, there is a prompt like, 'How likely are you to doze in the following activities?' This assessment reflects the recent past while observing your usual routines.
Other situations described in the questionnaire include:
- Sitting and reading
- Watching television
- Sitting inactively in a public place
- Riding as a passenger in a car for one hour without a break
- Lying down to rest in the afternoon when circumstances permit
- Sitting and talking with someone
- Sitting quietly after lunch without alcohol
- Sitting in a car as the driver while stopped for a few minutes in traffic
Calculating Your Score
For each situation, a score is assigned that indicates the likelihood a person would fall asleep. The scores range from zero to three:
- 0 = would never doze
- 1 = slight chance of dozing
- 2 = moderate chance of dozing
- 3 = high chance of dozing
The total score can range from zero to 24. Higher scores are correlated with increased sleepiness.
This correlation and validity have been established with a large study comparing the results of the Epworth scale to the ability to fall asleep during a Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT).
What Does Your Score Actually Mean?
The average score among healthy adults is six. In general, scores higher than eight indicate excessive sleepiness. Most sleep physicians use 10 and higher as indicating someone is too sleepy.
Much higher scores may occur in patients with narcolepsy. The numbers may also be elevated in untreated idiopathic hypersomnia or, most commonly, in sleep apnea.
Though the Epworth sleepiness scale is easy to administer and adds some basic information about sleepiness, it is admittedly a measure with a somewhat limited purpose. As it depends on your subjective experience, it may not fully reflect your actual degree of impairment.
For example, when people have insomnia, their scores are usually lower. Thus, high scores alone are not sufficient to diagnose sleep apnea.
A Word From Verywell
If you are concerned about the quality of your sleep or your degree of daytime sleepiness, start by speaking with a sleep specialist. After reviewing your symptoms, appropriate testing can be arranged to help select the best treatment to help you feel better rested and alert throughout the day, no matter your activities.
- Johns, M. 'A New Method of Measuring Daytime Sleepiness: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale.' Sleep;14:540.
- Punjabi, N et al. 'Predictors of Objective Sleep Tendency in the General Population.' Sleep; 25:678.
The Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) is a self-administered questionnaire that’s routinely used by doctors to assess daytime sleepiness. The person filling in the questionnaire rates how likely they are to doze off during the day in different situations.
The ESS was developed in 1990 by Australian doctor Murray Johns and named after the Epworth Sleep Center he established in 1988.
The questionnaire was created for adults, but it’s been used successfully in various studies of adolescents. A modified version — the ESS-CHAD — was created for children and adolescents. This version is similar to the adult ESS, but the instructions and activities have been changed slightly to make it more relatable to children and adolescents and easier to understand.
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Daytime sleepiness may be a sign of a sleep disorder or underlying medical condition. The questionnaire may be used to help your doctor diagnose a sleep disorder or to monitor your response to treatment.
The ESS consists of eight questions. You’re asked to rate your usual chances of having dozed off or fallen asleep while engaged in different activities on a scale of 0 to 3. The activities included in the questionnaire are:
- sitting and reading
- watching TV
- sitting inactive in a public place, such as a meeting or theatre
- riding as a passenger in a car for an hour without a break
- lying down to rest in the afternoon when circumstances permit
- sitting and talking to someone
- sitting quietly after a lunch without alcohol
- sitting in a car, stopped for a few minutes in traffic
These activities vary in their somnificity, which is a term introduced by the creator of the ESS. It describes how different postures and activities impact your readiness to fall asleep.
Your scores provide estimates of how likely you are to fall asleep during routine situations in your daily life. The higher your score, the higher your daytime sleepiness.
You can download the ESS questionnaire from the America Sleep Apnea Association or through Division of Sleep at Harvard Medical School.
Each of the activities listed has an assigned score from 0 to 3 that indicates how likely a person is to fall asleep during the activity:
- 0 = would never doze
- 1 = slight chance of dozing
- 2 = moderate chance of dozing
- 3 = high chance of dozing
Your total score can range from 0 to 24. A higher score is associated with increased sleepiness.
The following shows how your score is interpreted:
- 0 to 10 = normal range of sleepiness in healthy adults
- 11 to 14 = mild sleepiness
- 15 to 17 = moderate sleepiness
- 18 to 24 = severe sleepiness
A score of 11 or higher represents excessive daytime sleepiness which could be a sign of a sleep disorder or medical condition. If you score 11 or higher, your doctor may recommend you see a sleep specialist.
The following are some conditions that can cause excessive daytime sleepiness.
- hypersomnia, which is excessive daytime sleepiness even after a long night of sleep
- sleep apnea, in which you stop breathing involuntarily for brief periods during sleep
- narcolepsy, a neurological disorder that causes sleep attacks in which a person can fall into and wake from REM sleep at any time of day during any activity
Excessive daytime sleepiness can also be caused by:
Epworth Sleepiness Scale Calculator
- medical conditions, such as cancer and Parkinson’s disease
- mental health conditions, such as depression
- certain medications, including antihistamines, antidepressants, and adrenergic drugs
- drug and alcohol use
The validity of the ESS has been established in multiple studies and in correlation with objective sleepiness tests, such as the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). While it’s been shown to be a reliable way to measure daytime sleepiness, there’s evidence that it may not be a reliable predictor of sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea and narcolepsy.
Epworth Scale Printable Version 2017
The test has proven to be an effective screening tool, but isn’t meant to be used as a diagnostic tool by itself. This is because it can’t distinguish which sleep disorders or factors cause a person’s sleep propensity. The questionnaire is also self-administered, so scores are based on subjective reports.
A 2013 study looked at whether or not having the questionnaire administered by a physician instead of self-administering was more accurate in people with suspected obstructive sleep apnea.
The results showed the physician-administered scores to be more accurate. This suggests that having a doctor administer the questionnaire may make the ESS more reliable in predicting sleep apnea.
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The ESS is not a diagnostic tool and can’t diagnose a sleep disorder. The questionnaire is meant to be used as a screening tool to help your doctor determine whether or not you need further testing, such as a referral for a sleep study.
There are other factors that can influence your results and cause your score to be higher, such as occasional insomnia.
Epworth Sleepiness Test
If you’re worried about the quality of your sleep or concerned that you may have a sleep disorder, see your doctor regardless of what your self-assessment reveals.